THE FIRST AMERICAN BMS WITH TOTAL CYBERSECURITY
MONITOR, PROTECT AND OPTIMIZE
Fractal BMS is an American-made Battery Management System (BMS) that monitors, protects, and optimizes stationary storage batteries to improve performance, enhance stafey, and extend life.
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CELL BALANCING
Fractal BMS equalizes the charge across all battery cells, maintaining uniformity to minimize capacity degradation and overcharging of weak cells.
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REAL-TIME MONITORING
Fractal BMS monitors the battery cells’ voltage, current, and temperature to ensure they operate optimally. Real-time anomoly detection provides predictive safety and maintenance awareness.
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DATA LOGGING AND COMMUNICATION
Fractal BMS logs critical cell data to enable SOC balancing algorithms. This data enables monitoring, diagnostics, and analytics by the EMS (or approved devices).
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PROTECTION
Fractal BMS provides protective functions (p limiting and open contactors) against over and under voltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, and fault conditions to maintain warranty conditions and prevent battery damage.
THREE LAYERS OF PROTECTION
Through a 3-layer BMS architecture, Fractal BMS provides enhanced safety, performance, and management. Other American BMS providers only offer a system-level BMS (they also lack cybersecurity). Fractal uses American chips and sources the PCBA in the USA. Fractal BMS is handled by Fractal (never by a FEOC) and loads the Fractal-controlled software before shipping to the battery company. Fractal also provides chip authentication upon delivery at the site.
CYBERSECURITY
Fractal BMS provides complete threat mitigation using our advanced American chip, American software, and cyber security. Fractal BMS protects against existing BMS threats and vulnerabilities to include:
Backdoor. Backdoors operate by providing a hidden entry point for attackers. These entry points can be created through various methods, including:
- Malware: Malicious software that installs a backdoor when executed.
- Vulnerabilities: Exploiting unpatched security flaws in software or hardware.
- Insider Threats: Employees, contractors, or governments intentionally installing backdoors.
- Default Credentials: Using factory-set usernames and passwords often left unchanged.
Synchronized Attack. The BMS uses Network Time Protocol (NTP) for time synchronization and network operations. Attackers can target NTPs to execute files, steal confidential information, or launch a coordinated attack.
Lack of Encryption. BMS and other equipment have little to no device-to-device encryption, leaving the BESS vulnerable to various cyber attacks, such as denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, ransomware, man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks, false data injection, etc.
Lack of Authentication. The BMS has little to no authentication, leaving the data exposed. It can be accessed, changed/modified, disrupted, or interrupted, resulting in cyber-attack exposure.
Lack of Version Control. Traditional BMS cannot validate code or software versions. Bad actors can access and manipulate code at various manufacturing and delivery chain points, e.g., at port, in transit, or on-site via third-party technicians..
SYSTEM-LEVEL BMS
Monitors and Displays:
- Cell voltage, temperature and
- Rack voltage, current, SOC/SOH, and isolation data
- System SOC/SOH
- Contactor and breaker status
Provides Protection:
- Overvoltage and undervoltage protection of battery cells
- Overvoltage, undervoltage, short circuit, and overcurrent protection of battery racks
- Over-temperature, under-temperature, temperature-difference, voltage-difference protection of battery cell
- On-line insulation detection, fault detection, thermal management control, and other protecting functions
Provides Alarms:
- Overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent and isolation alarm of battery rack
- Over-temperature and under-temperature alarm of battery cell
- Temperature-difference, temperature rise, and voltage-difference alarm
- Low SOC alarm of enclosure
- Communication between BMS levels
Enables Parameter Settings:
- Battery rack and system operation
- TCP/IP communication
- Battery rack operation and protection
RACK-LEVEL BMS
Provides and Supports:
- Real-time data processing and management of modules and rack, with control of charge / discharge
- Real-time terminal voltage detection via the battery terminal voltage isolation collection processing
- Real-time terminal current detection via hall sensor for real-time isolation of current DAQ and processing
- Battery system insulation detection and fault detection function per config files
- SOC/SOH/SOE/SOP estimation
- Active thermal management measurement
- Enhanced safety features e.g., multiple active/passive node outputs, relay control management, effective isolation of current faults
MODULE-LEVEL BMS
Provides and supports:
- Real-time measurement of cell-level voltage and temperature
- NTC (10K) temperature monitoring points
- Digital signal I/O detection
- Passive balance control
- Fan speed control, fan state feedback, and speed detection
- Alarms related to power supply, cell voltage (overvoltage, undervoltage), temperature (overtemperature), communication failure and other faults
- Balancing fault detection
- Wire harness (voltage, temperature) drop detection
TRACEABILITY
Fractal BMS designs and manufactures chipboards in the United States. It can trace and authenticate the hardware throughout its lifecycle using a proprietary serial number encryption process.
REMOTE SYSTEM UPDATES
Like Fractal EMS, Fractal BMS provides remote firmware and software updates. This allows fast and timely updates across all devices, reducing cost and time (technician availability, travel time, and manual processing). Critical updates can be pushed immediately to prevent safety issues. Fractal BMS continuously authenticates and tracks hardware and software versions.